Speciel lager & Speciel indkøb i SAP

Indholdsfortegnelse:

Anonim

I nogle tilfælde kræver logistiske processer, at der anvendes specielle indkøbstyper:

  • Forsendelse
  • Underentreprise
  • Lageroverførsel ved hjælp af lagertransportordre
  • Tredjepartsbehandling
  • Transportemballage, der kan returneres
  • Håndtering af rørledninger

Med henblik på de specielle indkøbstyper er der specielle lagertyper.

Varekategorier, du kan bruge til indkøb af dokumenter.

Vi vil se, hvordan disse specielle indkøbstyper og specielle lagertyper bruges i følgende processer.

Forsendelse

Forsendelse betyder, at de indkøbte varer stadig er i sælgeres ejerskab, men vores firma holder materialet på lager og er i stand til at sælge det direkte. Varer bliver vores virksomheds ejendom kun i tilfælde af forbrug.

Du kan se to mulige sendingsscenarier / processer i nedenstående diagram.

I begge tilfælde er basis for processen en varemodtagelse for leverandørsendingsvarer. Derefter vil vi have forsendelsesvarer på vores lager. Hvis vi vil sælge varerne fra forsendelsesbeholdningen, kan vi foretage en lageroverførsel fra lageret for at opbevare forsendelsesbeholdningen og sælge direkte fra forsendelsesbeholdningen.

Hvis vi på den anden side vælger ikke at beholde varerne som forsendelseslager, kan vi foretage en overførselspostering til eget lager. Bagefter kan vi sende det til vores butik og sælge det som egen lager.

I forsendelsesprocessen skal vi oprette en indkøbsinfopost for leverandør / materialekombinationen for at foruddefinerer nogle oplysninger, der senere bruges i processerne.

I systemet sker modtagelse af forsendelsesbeholdningen i nogle få enkle trin. MODTAGELSE AF FORSENDELSESVARER

Trin 1)

Opret en indkøbsordre for materialet ved hjælp af ME21N- transaktionen.

  1. Indtast varekategori K - forsendelsesvarer.

Trin 2)

Bogfør varemodtagelse i MIGO- transaktion.

  1. Du kan se, at bevægelsestypen er 101 , og den specielle aktieindikator er K - forsendelseslager (leverandør).
  2. Kontroller emner som OK og Post.

Når du har bogført varemodtagelsen for leverandørsendingsvarer, kan du se lageroversigten for materialet er ændret.

Der er 120 stk i rækken med leverandørforsendelse som ubegrænset.

Trin 3)

Forgrener sig i to forskellige scenarier fra procesdiagrammet.

  • Fra dette punkt kan vi oprette en lageroverførsel til en butikslager med MIGO-transaktion. Vi kan derefter sælge varerne fra forsendelseslageret (betalingsforpligtelsen genereres på salgsstedet).
  • I det andet scenario kan vi oprette en overførselspostering til egen lager (betalingsforpligtelse på dette tidspunkt). Senere kan vi gøre hvad vi vil med varerne.

Let's say we have created a transfer posting to own stock upon goods arrival. We can do that by using MB1B with special stock type indicator K, and movement type 411.

We can see afterwards that our stock level is 244 pcs all on 0001 unrestricted. Our 120 pcs were transferred from consignment to own stock.

Step 4)

We are not creating an invoice using MIRO transaction for consignment goods. Instead, liabilities are settled in MRKO transaction for the appropriate period.

  1. Execute MRKO transaction.
  2. Enter Company Code and Vendor.
  3. Enter the date range (you can use document date, per your preferences).
  4. Choose special procurement type you want to settle for. Consignment.
  5. Choose if you want to display available document or settle. Choose Display.
  6. Show only withdrawals not settled or only settled withdrawals, or both.You can also restrict the displayed/settled records by material.Execute.

Step 5)

  • First we will choose to display the available documents for our selection.
  • We can see that the document is Not settled.

  • Go back to the initial screen and choose Settle instead of Display. Execute.
  • You can now see the message that a document 5100000001 was created.

  • Go back and choose to display documents, and choose to see Settled withdrawals.
  • Now there is a record matching your request. You can see that the status is now Settled.

This completes the process for consignment stock.

Stock Transport Order

In stock transfer process, goods are procured and supplied within a company. One plant orders the goods from another plant (they are called the receiving plant/issuing plant).

We can use a special type of purchase order - the stock transport order. The delivery process can be done either in Inventory Management or in the shipping component of logistics execution.

Step 1) Create a purchase order using ME21N.

  1. Choose document type UB - Stock Transp. Order.
  2. Choose Supplying Plant - 001.
  3. Choose Receiving Plants Purchasing organization - 0002.
  4. Purchasing group and Company Code.
  5. In the item overview screen, enter material number and quantity.
  6. Choose the receiving plant and Storage Location.

Save the document.

Step 2) Post goods issue from the issuing plant using MIGO transaction.

  1. Choose A07 - Goods Issue.
  2. Choose R01 - Purchase Order.
  3. Enter the storage location from which goods are being issued.
  4. Save the transaction - Post goods Issue.

After posting, you will get a material document.

Step 3) Do a goods receipt to a receiving plant for the stock transfer order - in MIGO.

  1. Choose A01 - Goods Receipt.
  2. Choose R01 - Purchase Order.Post the Goods Receipt.

Now the stock transfer from plant to plant is done.

You can see the plant stock now. Obersdorf plant now has 12 pcs of material 10599999.

Stock transport order can also be done using the delivery process. You are able to create an outbound delivery based on your purchase order (stock transport order) in transaction VL10B. Then you can post the goods issue using the VL02N transaction (change outbound delivery). Finally you can do a PGR (post goods receipt) for delivery from the receiving plant.

Subcontracting

In subcontracting, you give components to a vendor from which a product is produced. The product is then ordered by your company through a purchase order. The components required by the vendor to manufacture the ordered product are imported in the purchase order through the BoM (Bill of Materials), and they are provided to the vendor. After the contractor has produced the finished product, we can post the goods receipt.

Step 1)

Create a standard purchase order for the material that has a BOM maintained.

  1. Create a PO with item category L.
  2. Enter the storage location where the material should be placed upon goods receipt.

Step 2)

On the Material Data tab, click the Components or Explode BOM icon.

On the component screen, enter storage location from which the components should be issued.

I have created a fake BoM for our material (we sure can't create LCD TV 40" from two components called semiconductors and plastics), but it's enough to serve the purpose (you can create a BoM in CS01 transaction if you don't have it for your test material).

Save the PO.

If your PO needs to be released, release it by using ME29N.

Step 3)

In stock monitoring transaction, we will provide the components for vendor.

  1. Execute the transaction ME2O.
  2. Enter Vendor.
  3. Enter Plant.Execute.

Step 4)

You will get a list of open item for transfer towards the vendor. You can see the components from our purchase order.

  1. Select the components (click the boxes next to components material numbers).
  2. Post goods issue.

Step 5)

You will be prompted to confirm the items being PGI'd.

Bekræft bare den rigtige lagerplacering og mængde. Gør det for alle komponenterne.

Trin 6)

Du bør se denne form for skærm, der bekræfter, at din BGB blev udført med succes for 2 emner.

Trin 7)

Den næste skærm skal se sådan ud.

Du kan se, at der findes et materielt dokument for komponenterne, med bevægelsestype 541.

Trin 8)

Du kan bogføre en varemodtagelse mod en indkøbsordre for at modtage de færdige varer fra sælgeren.

Nu har du udstedt komponenterne til underleverandøren, modtaget det færdige produkt.

Du kunne også have oprettet en udgående levering af komponenterne ved hjælp af ME2O-transaktion og derefter bogført varerudstedelse gennem VL02N. Det meste af tiden udføres denne type behandling i underentreprise.